| English (英文) | Chinese (中文) | Category (类别) |
|---|
| Population mean (μ₁, μ₂) | 总体均值 | Two-sample inference |
| Sample mean (x̄₁, x̄₂) | 样本均值 | Two-sample inference |
| Population standard deviation (σ₁, σ₂) | 总体标准差 | Two-sample inference |
| Sample size (n₁, n₂) | 样本容量 | Two-sample inference |
| Difference of population means | 总体均值差 | Two-sample inference |
| Difference of sample means | 样本均值差 | Two-sample inference |
| Parameter of interest | 研究参数 / 关注参数 | Inference concept |
| Point estimate | 点估计 | Inference concept |
| Sampling distribution | 抽样分布 | Inference concept |
| Expected value | 期望值 | Inference concept |
| Standard error | 标准误 | Inference concept |
| Independent samples | 独立样本 | Study design |
| Confidence level | 置信水平 | Confidence interval |
| Margin of error | 误差限 | Confidence interval |
| Two-sample confidence interval | 双样本置信区间 | Confidence interval |
| Confidence interval for μ₁ − μ₂ | μ₁ − μ₂ 的置信区间 | Confidence interval |
| Significance level (alpha) | 显著性水平（α） | Hypothesis testing |
| Null hypothesis | 原假设 | Hypothesis testing |
| Alternative hypothesis | 备择假设 | Hypothesis testing |
| Hypothesized difference (D₀) | 假设差值 D₀ | Hypothesis testing |
| One-sided test | 单侧检验 | Hypothesis testing |
| Right-tailed test | 右尾检验 | Hypothesis testing |
| Left-tailed test | 左尾检验 | Hypothesis testing |
| Two-tailed test | 双尾检验 | Hypothesis testing |
| Critical value | 临界值 | Hypothesis testing |
| Rejection region | 拒绝域 | Hypothesis testing |
| Test statistic | 检验统计量 | Hypothesis testing |
| z statistic / z-score | z 统计量 / z 分数 | Hypothesis testing |
| Two-sample z test | 双样本 z 检验 | Hypothesis testing |
| p-value | p 值 | Hypothesis testing |
| Statistically significant | 统计上显著 | Interpretation |
| Practical conclusion | 实际结论 | Interpretation |
| Product lifetime | 产品寿命 | Example context |
| Competitor | 竞争对手 | Example context |
| TOEFL score | 托福成绩 | Example context |