| English (英文) | Chinese (中文) | Category (类别) |
|---|
| Conditional probability | 条件概率 | Probability |
| Joint probability | 联合概率 | Probability |
| Marginal probability | 边际概率 | Probability |
| Independence | 独立性 | Probability |
| Mutual exclusivity | 互斥性 | Probability |
| Complement event | 互补事件 | Probability |
| Law of total probability | 全概率公式 | Probability |
| Multiplication rule | 乘法法则 | Probability |
| Chain rule | 链式法则 | Probability |
| Bayes’ theorem | 贝叶斯定理 | Bayesian Inference |
| Prior probability | 先验概率 | Bayesian Inference |
| Posterior probability | 后验概率 | Bayesian Inference |
| Likelihood | 似然 | Bayesian Inference |
| Evidence (marginal likelihood) | 证据（边缘似然） | Bayesian Inference |
| Base rate (prevalence) | 基率（流行率） | Bayesian Inference |
| Normalization constant | 归一化常数 | Bayesian Inference |
| Partition (exhaustive & mutually exclusive) | 划分（穷尽且互斥） | Bayesian Inference |
| Positive predictive value (PPV) | 阳性预测值 | Diagnostic Metrics |
| Negative predictive value (NPV) | 阴性预测值 | Diagnostic Metrics |
| True positive rate (TPR, sensitivity) | 真阳性率（敏感度） | Diagnostic Metrics |
| True negative rate (TNR, specificity) | 真阴性率（特异度） | Diagnostic Metrics |
| False positive rate (FPR) | 假阳性率 | Diagnostic Metrics |
| False negative rate (FNR) | 假阴性率 | Diagnostic Metrics |
| Precision | 精确率 | Diagnostic Metrics |
| Recall | 召回率 | Diagnostic Metrics |
| Two-stage screening | 两阶段筛查 | Diagnostic Design |
| Confirmation test | 复核检测 | Diagnostic Design |
| Threshold (decision cutoff) | 阈值（判定界值） | Decision Analytics |
| Decision rule | 决策规则 | Decision Analytics |
| Expected loss | 期望损失 | Decision Analytics |
| Opportunity cost | 机会成本 | Decision Analytics |
| Risk tolerance | 风险容忍度 | Decision Analytics |
| Posterior odds | 后验胜算 | Bayesian Inference |
| Odds ratio (OR) | 比值比 | Effect Size |
| Relative risk (RR) | 相对风险 | Effect Size |
| Base-rate shift | 基率漂移 | Data Drift |
| Prior shift | 先验漂移 | Data Drift |
| Uplift | 提升效应 | Causal/Marketing |
| Uplift modeling | 提升建模 | Causal/Marketing |
| Spillover effect | 溢出效应 | Experimental Design |
| Cluster randomization | 聚类随机化 | Experimental Design |
| Clustered standard errors | 聚类稳健标准误 | Experimental Design |
| Stratification | 分层（分层比较） | Causal Inference |
| Simpson’s paradox | 辛普森悖论 | Causal Inference |
| Propensity score | 倾向评分 | Causal Inference |
| Doubly robust estimation | 双重稳健估计 | Causal Inference |
| Instrumental variable (IV) | 工具变量 | Causal Inference |
| Randomized controlled trial (RCT) | 随机对照试验 | Experimental Design |
| Treatment effect | 处理效应 | Causal Inference |
| Counterfactual | 反事实 | Causal Inference |
| Cannibalization | 自相残杀（内部蚕食） | Marketing Analytics |
| Cross-selling | 交叉销售 | Marketing Analytics |
| Take rate | 采纳率 / 购买率 | Marketing Analytics |
| Lift curve | 提升曲线 | Marketing Analytics |
| Triage | 分流优先级 | Operations Analytics |
| Blacklist policy | 拉黑策略 | Risk Analytics |
| Early-warning indicator (KPI) | 预警指标（关键指标） | Risk/Operations |
| Warranty reserve | 保修准备金 | Risk/Accounting Analytics |
| Recall probability (product) | 召回概率（产品） | Quality/Risk |
| Safety stock | 安全库存 | Operations Analytics |
| Covariance of demand | 需求协方差 | Operations Analytics |
| Joint risk | 联合风险 | Risk Analytics |
| Fraud prevalence | 欺诈基率 | Risk Analytics |
| Two-stage audit | 两阶段审计 | Risk/Compliance |
| Posterior targeting | 后验目标选择 | Decision Analytics |
| Normalization by evidence | 基于证据的归一化 | Bayesian Inference |
| Independence test | 独立性检验 | Probability |
| Marginalization | 边缘化处理 | Bayesian Inference |
| Decision threshold optimization | 决策阈值优化 | Decision Analytics |
| Cost-sensitive evaluation | 成本敏感评估 | Decision Analytics |
| Prior elicitation | 先验获取（主观设定） | Bayesian Inference |
| Posterior update | 后验更新 | Bayesian Inference |
| Evidence weighting | 证据加权 | Bayesian Inference |
| Joint distribution table | 联合分布表 | Probability |
| Contingency table | 列联表 | Probability |
| Dependence (positive/negative) | 相关性（正/负） | Probability |
| Complement rule | 互补法则 | Probability |
| Conditional dependence | 条件相关 | Probability |
| Base-rate neglect | 基率忽视 | Behavioral/Analytics |
| Post-test probability | 检后概率 | Diagnostic Metrics |
| False discovery rate (FDR) | 发现错误率 | Multiple Testing |
| Type I error (alpha) | 一类错误（α） | Hypothesis Testing |
| Type II error (beta) | 二类错误（β） | Hypothesis Testing |