Q1 — Categorical Frequency Table (分类数据的频数表)

Question (EN): A café surveyed customers’ ratings (Excellent, Good, Average, Below Average, Poor). Build the frequency, relative frequency, and percent frequency table.

Data: Excellent, Good, Good, Average, Good, Average, Below Average, Average, Good, Poor, Excellent, Good, Good, Average, Below Average, Poor, Good, Average, Excellent, Good.


Q2 — Quantitative Grouping (定量数据分组频数)

Question (EN): For tire-replacement costs (USD), use classes (width ) and report cumulative .

Data: .


Q3 — Union & Independence (并事件与独立性)

Question (EN): Two projects () have the joint probabilities shown below. Find (a) (b) (c) (d) Are and independent?

B SuccessB FailTotal
A Success
A Fail
Total

Q4 — Conditional Probability (条件概率)

Question (EN): Given the joint table below, find (a) (b) (c) Independence?

Total
Total

Q5 — Joint / Marginal / Conditionals (联合 / 边际 / 条件概率)

Question (EN): Defect data:

TypeDefectNon-defectTotal
A
B
Total

Find (a) (b) (c) .



Q6 — Bayes’ Theorem(贝叶斯定理)

Question (EN): Prior , sensitivity , false positive . Compute .


Q7 — Data Types & Scales(数据类型与测量尺度)

Question (EN): Classify variables by type and scale: Gender, Department, Monthly Sales ($) , Performance Rating.


Q8 — Population vs. Sample(总体与样本)

Question (EN): GPA of randomly chosen business students is used to study all business students. Identify population & sample; descriptive or inferential?


Q10 — Cross-sectional vs. Time-series(横截面与时间序列)

Question (EN): Revenues of stores across China in Jan . One Shanghai store’s annual revenue from . Classify and explain.


Q11 — Data Sources & Study Types(数据来源与研究方式)

Question (EN): For analyzing purchases, classify each as internal/external & observational/experimental: (a) Downloading company transaction data. (b) Purchasing a market research dataset. (c) Running an in-store survey.


Q12 — Data Errors & Consistency(数据错误与一致性检查)

Question (EN): Employee data (Age, Monthly Salary $, Years of Experience):

Employee IDAgeSalary($)Experience

Identify potential error(s) and suggest detection/correction.


Q13 — Categorical Frequencies & Percentages(分类频数与百分比)

Question (EN): For hotel-stay ratings (same composition as Q1, any order), build the frequency & percent table; identify the most common rating.


Q14 — Outlier & Choice of Center(极端值与集中趋势选择)

Question (EN): Apartment rents ((450,460,470,480,490,500,510,520,530,900)$. Compute mean/median/mode; decide which best represents “typical” rent.


Q15 — Range, Variance, Standard Deviation(极差、方差、标准差)

Question (EN): Bonuses ((100,120,130,150,200)$. Compute range, sample variance, sample standard deviation; interpret variability.