寡头垄断与博弈论核心术语 (Key Terms in Oligopoly and Game Theory)

  • Oligopoly. 寡头垄断
  • Four-firm concentration ratio. 四家集中度比率
  • Strategic interdependence. 战略相互依赖
  • Non-price competition. 非价格竞争
  • Collusion. 合谋
  • Cartel. 卡特尔
  • Barriers to entry. 进入壁垒
  • Economies of scale. 规模经济
  • Minimum efficient scale (MES). 最小有效规模
  • Strategic entry deterrence. 战略性进入威慑
  • Natural oligopoly. 自然寡头垄断
  • Input control. 关键资源控制
  • Regulatory capture. 监管俘获
  • Patent. 专利
  • Game theory. 博弈论
  • Dominant strategy. 占优策略
  • Nash equilibrium. 纳什均衡
  • Prisoner’s dilemma. 囚徒困境
  • Payoff matrix. 收益矩阵
  • Price-match guarantee. 价格匹配保证
  • Price leadership. 价格领导
  • Repeated game. 重复博弈
  • Sequential game. 序贯博弈
  • Decision tree. 决策树
  • Subgame perfect equilibrium. 子博弈完美均衡
  • First-mover advantage. 先动优势
  • Bargaining. 谈判
  • Credible threat. 可信威胁
  • Five Forces model. 五力模型
  • Competition from substitutes. 替代品竞争
  • Bargaining power of buyers. 买方议价能力
  • Bargaining power of suppliers. 供应商议价能力
  • Real prices. 实际价格
  • Nominal prices. 名义价格
  • Strategic retaliation. 战略报复